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The spread of COVID-19 has increased the risk of contact transmission between people, and imposes challenges and opportunities for the prevention and control of important parasitic diseases. There may be risks of COVID-19 infection during the implementation of the virus control, including in field investigation and intervention, contacting with fecal samples, or with asymptomatic infected people. Therefore, corresponding prevention and control measures should be taken before and during field investigation, and in sample transportation and detection to prevent the risks effectively. In this paper, the risks and corresponding countermeasures in the above processes are discussed in detail, and the opportunities that COVID-19 brought to the disease control system are also analyzed.Copyright © 2021, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases. All rights reserved.
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Objective To understand the status of COVID-19 vaccination among elderly adults in long-term care facilities and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide scientific basis for improving the policy of COVID-19 vaccination. Methods The socio-demographic characteristics, disease-related data, disability, and COVID-19 vaccination status of 575 elderly adults who resided in long-term care facilities in Shaanxi Province were collected via Sojumpin in January 2022. Factors that affected non-vaccinated elderly adults were analyzed by using the SPSS 25.0 software. Results Of the included 575 participants, 199 (34. 6%) were not vaccinated against COVID-19. Univariate analysis showed that COVID-19 vaccination was associated with age, room type, length of stay, marital status, number of children, chronic diseases (i.e., diabetes, stroke, dementia), disability degree, and long-term medication use. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age of 90 years or above (OR =4. 25), triple room (OR = 6.17), moderate disability (OR = 2. 94), severe disability (OR =6. 67), long-term medication use (OR = 1.81), and stroke (OR =1. 74) were independent risk factors for not injecting COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion The COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate of elderly adults in long-term care facilities needs to be improved, and more attention should be paid to the high-risk groups (e.g., who are older, and have disability, long-term medication use, or stroke).Copyright © 2023 Xi'an Medical University. All rights reserved.
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Objective To explore the effects of perceived risk of COVID-19 of college students on their anxiety and depression, as well as the roles of attention to negative information and perceived social support, so as to provide theoretical basis for colleges and universities to formulate corresponding intervention measures. Methods By the convenience sampling method, totally 1 404 college students from Shaanxi and Henan provinces were investigated online by using General Information Questionnaire, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic Scale, Attention to Negative Information Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS 20. 0 was used for data analysis, Pearson correlation method was used to explore the correlation between variables. The mediating effect of attention to negative information and the moderating effect of perceived social support were analyzed by PROCESS. Results The scores of anxiety and depression of the 1 404 college students included in the study were 4.03 +/- 4.48 and 6.21 +/- 5.41, respectively. The detection rate of anxiety symptom was 29.9%, and that of depression symptom was 44.4%. The risk perception of COVID-19 epidemic of the college students was positively correlated with attention to negative information (r = 0.373, P<0.001), anxiety (r = 0.227, P<0.001), and depression (r = 0.226, P<0.001). Anxiety (r = 0.553, P<0.001) and depression 0 = 0.497, P<0.001) were positively correlated with attention to negative information, while perceived social support was negatively correlated with the risk perception of the COVID-19 (r = - 0.154, P<0.001), attention to negative information (r= - 0.259, P<0.001), anxiety (r = - 0.321, P<0.001) and depression (r=- 0.278, P<0.001). The risk perception of COVID-19 affected the anxiety and depression of the students mainly through the mediating effect of attention to negative information. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and anxiety was 0. 227, and the mediating effect accounted for 80. 18% of the total effect. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and depression was 0. 228, and the mediating effect accounted for 90. 35% of the total effect. Perceived social support played a moderating role in the last half of this mediating model. Conclusion Risk perception of COVID-19 indirectly affects the occurrence of anxiety and depression in college students through attention to negative information, and perceived social support plays a moderating role in this mediating model. The findings suggest that when a risk event occurs, colleges and universities should pay attention to guiding students to adjust their attentional bias to external information, and give students enough care and support to improve their mental health.Copyright © 2023 Xi'an Medical University. All rights reserved.
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Objective To understand the status of COVID-19 vaccination among elderly adults in long-term care facilities and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide scientific basis for improving the policy of COVID-19 vaccination. Methods The socio-demographic characteristics, disease-related data, disability, and COVID-19 vaccination status of 575 elderly adults who resided in long-term care facilities in Shaanxi Province were collected via Sojumpin in January 2022. Factors that affected non-vaccinated elderly adults were analyzed by using the SPSS 25.0 software. Results Of the included 575 participants, 199 (34. 6%) were not vaccinated against COVID-19. Univariate analysis showed that COVID-19 vaccination was associated with age, room type, length of stay, marital status, number of children, chronic diseases (i.e., diabetes, stroke, dementia), disability degree, and long-term medication use. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age of 90 years or above (OR =4. 25), triple room (OR = 6.17), moderate disability (OR = 2. 94), severe disability (OR =6. 67), long-term medication use (OR = 1.81), and stroke (OR =1. 74) were independent risk factors for not injecting COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion The COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate of elderly adults in long-term care facilities needs to be improved, and more attention should be paid to the high-risk groups (e.g., who are older, and have disability, long-term medication use, or stroke).Copyright © 2023 Xi'an Medical University. All rights reserved.
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Objective To explore the effects of perceived risk of COVID-19 of college students on their anxiety and depression, as well as the roles of attention to negative information and perceived social support, so as to provide theoretical basis for colleges and universities to formulate corresponding intervention measures. Methods By the convenience sampling method, totally 1 404 college students from Shaanxi and Henan provinces were investigated online by using General Information Questionnaire, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic Scale, Attention to Negative Information Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS 20. 0 was used for data analysis, Pearson correlation method was used to explore the correlation between variables. The mediating effect of attention to negative information and the moderating effect of perceived social support were analyzed by PROCESS. Results The scores of anxiety and depression of the 1 404 college students included in the study were 4.03 ± 4.48 and 6.21 ± 5.41, respectively. The detection rate of anxiety symptom was 29.9%, and that of depression symptom was 44.4%. The risk perception of COVID-19 epidemic of the college students was positively correlated with attention to negative information (r = 0.373, P<0.001), anxiety (r = 0.227, P<0.001), and depression (r = 0.226, P<0.001). Anxiety (r = 0.553, P<0.001) and depression 0 = 0.497, P<0.001) were positively correlated with attention to negative information, while perceived social support was negatively correlated with the risk perception of the COVID-19 (r = - 0.154, P<0.001), attention to negative information (r= - 0.259, P<0.001), anxiety (r = - 0.321, P<0.001) and depression (r=- 0.278, P<0.001). The risk perception of COVID-19 affected the anxiety and depression of the students mainly through the mediating effect of attention to negative information. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and anxiety was 0. 227, and the mediating effect accounted for 80. 18% of the total effect. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and depression was 0. 228, and the mediating effect accounted for 90. 35% of the total effect. Perceived social support played a moderating role in the last half of this mediating model. Conclusion Risk perception of COVID-19 indirectly affects the occurrence of anxiety and depression in college students through attention to negative information, and perceived social support plays a moderating role in this mediating model. The findings suggest that when a risk event occurs, colleges and universities should pay attention to guiding students to adjust their attentional bias to external information, and give students enough care and support to improve their mental health. © 2023 Xi'an Medical University. All rights reserved.
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Objective: To understand the current situation of nurses' professional quality of life in China and its correlation with benefit findings, so as to provide reference for formulating targeted measures to improve nurses' professional quality of life in China. Methods: Questionnaire star was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 11 924 registered nurses in China from January 2022 to April 2022 using the General Information Questionnaire, the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) and the General Benefit Discovery Scale (GBFS). SPSS 22.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: The scores of various dimensions of nurses' ProQOL scale were: Compassion satisfaction was (32.71±6.81) points, burnout was (27.38±5.20) points, secondary traumatic stress was (28.44±6.67) points, and the total score of GBFS was (100.90±18.04) points. The results of multiple linear stepwise regression showed that the main influencing factors of compassion satisfaction were marital status, position, work unit level and educational background (P <0.05). The main influencing factors of burnout were position, professional title, work unit level and whether there were children to be taken care of at home (P <0.05). The main influencing factors of secondary traumatic stress were education background, marital status, professional title, whether there was an old person to be taken care of at home, whether to take care of COVID-19 patients, whether to be an epidemic support staff and position (P <0.05). Benefit finding independently predicted the three dimensions of nurses' professional quality of life (P <0.001). Conclusions: Chinese nurses' professional quality of life was at a moderate level and it was significantly affected by benefit finding. Attention should be paid to factors such as marital status, work unit level, position, professional title, education background, whether there was an old person to be taken care of at home, whether to take care of COVID-19 patients, so as to improve the level of nurses' benefit finding, promote their personal growth, provide good job guarantee, and improve Chinese nurses' professional quality of life. © 2023, Editorial department of Chinese Medical Ethics. All rights reserved.
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Objective: To understand the current situation of nurses' professional quality of life in China and its correlation with benefit findings, so as to provide reference for formulating targeted measures to improve nurses' professional quality of life in China. Methods: Questionnaire star was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 11 924 registered nurses in China from January 2022 to April 2022 using the General Information Questionnaire, the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) and the General Benefit Discovery Scale (GBFS). SPSS 22.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: The scores of various dimensions of nurses' ProQOL scale were: Compassion satisfaction was (32.71±6.81) points, burnout was (27.38±5.20) points, secondary traumatic stress was (28.44±6.67) points, and the total score of GBFS was (100.90±18.04) points. The results of multiple linear stepwise regression showed that the main influencing factors of compassion satisfaction were marital status, position, work unit level and educational background (P <0.05). The main influencing factors of burnout were position, professional title, work unit level and whether there were children to be taken care of at home (P <0.05). The main influencing factors of secondary traumatic stress were education background, marital status, professional title, whether there was an old person to be taken care of at home, whether to take care of COVID-19 patients, whether to be an epidemic support staff and position (P <0.05). Benefit finding independently predicted the three dimensions of nurses' professional quality of life (P <0.001). Conclusions: Chinese nurses' professional quality of life was at a moderate level and it was significantly affected by benefit finding. Attention should be paid to factors such as marital status, work unit level, position, professional title, education background, whether there was an old person to be taken care of at home, whether to take care of COVID-19 patients, so as to improve the level of nurses' benefit finding, promote their personal growth, provide good job guarantee, and improve Chinese nurses' professional quality of life. © 2023, Editorial department of Chinese Medical Ethics. All rights reserved.
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Objective: To understand the current situation of nurses' professional quality of life in China and its correlation with benefit findings, so as to provide reference for formulating targeted measures to improve nurses' professional quality of life in China. Methods: Questionnaire star was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 11 924 registered nurses in China from January 2022 to April 2022 using the General Information Questionnaire, the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) and the General Benefit Discovery Scale (GBFS). SPSS 22.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: The scores of various dimensions of nurses' ProQOL scale were: Compassion satisfaction was (32.71±6.81) points, burnout was (27.38±5.20) points, secondary traumatic stress was (28.44±6.67) points, and the total score of GBFS was (100.90±18.04) points. The results of multiple linear stepwise regression showed that the main influencing factors of compassion satisfaction were marital status, position, work unit level and educational background (P <0.05). The main influencing factors of burnout were position, professional title, work unit level and whether there were children to be taken care of at home (P <0.05). The main influencing factors of secondary traumatic stress were education background, marital status, professional title, whether there was an old person to be taken care of at home, whether to take care of COVID-19 patients, whether to be an epidemic support staff and position (P <0.05). Benefit finding independently predicted the three dimensions of nurses' professional quality of life (P <0.001). Conclusions: Chinese nurses' professional quality of life was at a moderate level and it was significantly affected by benefit finding. Attention should be paid to factors such as marital status, work unit level, position, professional title, education background, whether there was an old person to be taken care of at home, whether to take care of COVID-19 patients, so as to improve the level of nurses' benefit finding, promote their personal growth, provide good job guarantee, and improve Chinese nurses' professional quality of life. © 2023, Editorial department of Chinese Medical Ethics. All rights reserved.
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To know the current status of family health and negative psychology of primary and secondary school students, and to explore the correlation between them during the prevention and control of COVlD-19. From January 1 5 to 30, in 2022, a total of 1 9 343 urban and rural primary and secondary school students in X city were selected. The short form of the family health scaee, center for epidemiologica survey-depression scaee and student burnout inventory for junior midde school students were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. The Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the family health and negative psychology. The family health of primary and secondary school students is at the medium level or above, and more than half of students may/must be depressed. There are significant differences in study burnout n different learning stages and epidemic management in different places of residence. It is recommended that family members and schools staff should give more psychological and social secondary school students to reduce the negative impact of COVID-19 on them. © 2022, Editorial department of Chinese Medical Ethics. All rights reserved.
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Background Artificial intelligence (AI) is evolving rapidly and gradually changing the landscape of healthcare and biomedicine. AI has achieved breakthroughs in image-based diagnosis, interpretation of electronic medical records, etc. However, no systematic quantitative analysis has been conducted to provide deeper insights of the status and frontier trends of AI in medicine (AI-MED).Methods We employed a scientometric and visualization approach to analyze the annual publications, countries, journals, keywords, co-citations, and structural variability to establish a knowledge graph that summarizes the hotspots and trends of AI-MED with a quantitative method.Findings There were 30,458 publications screened from the Web of Science (WOS). The number of publications has been growing rapidly. The most prolific countries are the USA and China. Artificial neural networks, machine learning, deep learning, convolutional neural network, image segmentation, and COVID-19 are hotspots in AI-MED.Conclusions This study has made clear the research process, frontier trends and emerging fields of AI-MED, predicting its future and pointing out the path for researchers to grasp the hotspots and directions in AI-MED quickly. © 2022 IEEE.
Subject(s)
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Influenza Vaccines , Influenza, Human , Kidney Diseases , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Pandemics/prevention & control , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Surveys and Questionnaires , VaccinationABSTRACT
The coronaviruses (CoVs), which are a family of positive-strand RNA viruses, infect the mammals and birds. Seven CoVs are responsible for human-to-human transmission, especially the SARS-CoV-2, thereby posing a daunting challenge to global public health security. As the most common modification in viral glycoproteins, glycosylation plays the crucial role in host recognition, immunity avoidance, virus replication, assembly and transmission. In this review, we summarized and discussed the latest studies about glycosylation in coronaviridae members. Focused on the spike protein, nearly one hundred of N/O-glycosyltion sites have been reported. The N-glycans from spike protein are dominated by the high-mannose and complex-type, while the O-glycosylation is rather complicated. Significantly, it is known that the viral glycosylation depend on host cells, thus the glycan pattern of the produced recombinant viral glycoproteins might be different from that of native viral proteins, which represent a crucial determinant for vaccine design. The latest results based on bioinformatics, biochip, mass spectrography and genetic technology facilitate the overall perspective for glycosylation researching in CoVs. By summarizing the distribution of glycosylation sites, the structure of glycans, the biological functions and the research technologies, this review will help promote diagnosis, treatment and vaccine development related to coronaviruses.